SEARCH TOURISM
Kampung Naga
Railway Viaduct
>> Tuesday, December 11, 2007
Villa Isola
Constructed in 1933 as a private home for an Italian named D.W Baretty, the building was designed by CP Wolff-Schoemaker. Beretty was the owner of an international news agency that later became
Eksotisme "Dapur Keliling"
Setiap hari sekitar pukul 23.00, sebuah gerobak milik seorang pedagang menyusuri jalan-jalan di Kampung Ligu Tengah, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. "Te… sate…," teriaknya dengan nada khas. Di samping teriakan tersebut, bunyi gemerincing potongan seng yang ditaruh di bawah dan tergesek dengan aspal jalan menjadi ciri khas kedatangan penjual sate asal Madura itu.
Potensi Sebuah Ruang Terbuka Kota
The First Waterfall a spectacular 80-m drop
>> Tuesday, December 4, 2007
Anak TK Antusias Ikuti ”Kaulinan Lembur”
DUA siswa TK Al Halus Kabupaten Bandung memeragakan sebuah permainan "galah porog" berupa menjaga lawan agar tidak menerobos garis yang dijaga, pada "Festival Kaulinan Urang Lembur" yang diselenggarakan TK Graha Ananda dan didukung Pemprov Jabar dan HU ”Pikiran Rakyat”, di Bale Anak Jalan Sumatera Bandung, Sabtu (27/8).* Dudi Sugandi/”PR” |
Cisarua Area
Cisarua area, roughly 15 km north of Bandung, is very scenic, easily accessible, and less crowded than Lembang-Maribaya area. The main attractions here are the three waterfalls along the Cimahi River and the small idyllic Lake Lembang (Situ Lembang). The village of Cisarua constitutes the focal point oh the area.
Read more...Galah Asin
Walking on the Top Southern Slopes
The Domas Crater Boling Springs
>> Thursday, November 29, 2007
A favorite spot of volcanic activity to visit is the Domas Crater, located about a kilometer down the northeastern slope. A wide, well-marked stairway leads down from the car park at Kawah Ratu. The walk takes about thirty minutes.
Read more...Ciptagelar, Perkampungan Cantik di Kaki G. Halimun
>> Wednesday, November 28, 2007
GAPURA pertama yang menuju Kampung Ciptarasa yang kini telah ditinggalkan Abah Anom.* Nanang S/”Galura” |
Meski Kampung Ciptarasa mengandung
Ciptagelar, Perkampungan Cantik di Kaki G. Halimun
GAPURA pertama yang menuju Kampung Ciptarasa yang kini telah ditinggalkan Abah Anom.* Nanang S/”Galura” |
Meski Kampung Ciptarasa mengandung
Kembali ke Menu ”Kampung”
PEDAGANG empal gentong melayani pembelinya di sebuah festival makanan tradisional di IBCC Bandung, pekan lalu. Saat ini, kecenderungan pilihan masyarakat kembali ke makanan kampung, menimbulkan fenomena yang cukup menggembirakan.* DUDI SUGANDI/”PR” |
MEREKA yang belum pernah lagi menginjakkan kaki ke Bandung selama lima atau enam tahun belakangan ini, mungkin akan merasakan atmosfer yang berbeda jika datang ke kota ini sekarang.
Beberapa tahun lalu, berjalan-jalan di sini terasa tengah berada di Eropa. Bukan karena tiba-tiba turun salju, tapi karena begitu mudah mendapatkan makanan khas negara Eropa di kota yang sebenarnya kaya dengan makanan lokal ini.
Tak hanya restoran besar, warung pinggir jalan pun menyediakan menu steak sebagai sajian utama. Makan makanan orang bule, pada masa itu menjanjikan naiknya harga diri alias gengsi.
"Waktu itu malu rasanya mengakui belum mengetahui apa bedanya sirloin dan tenderloin steak," kata Wijaya (35), mengenang motivasi utamanya saat mencoba mengonsumsi makanan Eropa ini.
Di kalangan anak sekolah kota besar, merayakan ulang tahun teman berarti menyantap steak, piza, atau spageti.
"Teman-teman yang punya uang banyak biasanya merayakannya di restoran-restoran besar. Yang anggaran ulang tahunnya terbatas dari ortu, boleh mentraktir di warung-warung steak pinggir jalan," kata Taya (20), mahasiswi Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Masa tergila-gila makanan Eropa ini dialami Taya saat ia duduk di bangku SMP dan berlanjut hingga SMU, 6 tahun ke belakang.
Kini cobalah bertanya pada anak sekolah menengah. Selain menu makanan Eropa, pilihan mereka lebih beragam. Masih memakai seragam sekolah, di sebuah restoran yang menyajikan makanan tradisional khas Sunda mereka berlomba menyendok nasi dari bakul, setelah sebelumnya beramai-ramai menyanyikan lagu ulang tahun.
"Beberapa teman yang berulang tahun sekarang memang sering mengajak makan di restoran tradisional. Rasanya unik aja gitu, bosen juga sih makan steak," kata Wita (16), siswi sebuah SMA favorit di Kota Bandung.
Di kalangan dewasa, pamor makanan tradisional sudah lebih dulu mencuat. Pada rapat-rapat di perkantoran, organisasi, seminar, dan sebagainya, orang pernah begitu fanatik dengan kue-kue kecil rasa Eropa, seperti kue keju dan tar. Kini makanan itu sedikit demi sedikit mulai tereliminasi, tergantikan oleh jajan pasar yang dikemas lebih menarik, rapi, dan enak tentu saja.
Seperti perdebatan lebih dulu mana antara telur dan ayam, begitu juga yang terjadi di dunia kuliner.
Entah karena semakin banyak pelanggan yang ingin back to basic, maka warung, restoran bahkan hotel berbintang pun menyediakan menu "kampung". Atau karena semakin banyak tempat yang menyediakan menu tradisional sehingga selera masyarakat tergiring? Tak jadi soal, lingkaran ini membuat orang sadar ternyata makanan khas Indonesia pun enak, bahkan lebih oke di lidah kita.
KECENDERUNGAN pilihan masyarakat kembali ke makanan kampung, menimbulkan fenomena yang mencengangkan. Baik individu maupun pengusaha makanan berlomba menjadi yang paling "kampungan". Nama-nama tempat yang menjanjikan suasana kampung pun bertebaran di mana-mana.
Bahkan sebuah restoran yang menyajikan makanan khas Sunda, melalui iklannya yang dipasang di pinggir jalan tol menuju gerbang tol Pasteur, menjanjikan pelanggannya akan merasakan suasana dan makanan "kampung" di tempatnya.
Dengan moto, "ternyata masih kampungan", reklame ini menggiring masyarakat yang ingin merasakan nikmatnya makanan "kampung" mengunjungi tempat yang ditata bersuasana kampung juga. Dengan musik pengiring lagu Sunda, di restoran tersebut orang duduk dalam bangku-bangku yang terbuat dari bambu khas desa.
Restoran ini termasuk pendatang baru di Kota Bandung. Jauh sebelumnya sudah bermunculan restoran "kampung" lainnya. Untuk mendapatkan suasana desa, bahkan pengusaha berani melakukan investasi besar membangun sebuah restoran yang mencerminkan suasana desa.
Fenomena ini juga terjadi di luar Kota Bandung. Salah satu pencitraan kampung melalui papan nama. Mendengar nama Restoran "Mulih Ka Desa" yang berada di Garut, image langsung terpeta dengan suasana dan makanan khas kampung.
Selain Mulih Ka Desa, ada lagi restoran bernuansa kampung di daerah Garut yang berhasil mencuri perhatian masyarakat. Selain makanan juga karena atmosfer desa yang sangat kental. Sebut saja Restoran Sari Papandayan yang berada di daerah Cisurupan, tepat di depan Gunung Cikurai Garut.
Menurut sang pimpinan resto sekaligus bungalo, Sulaeman Abdurachim (47), sejak dibuka tahun 2005 lalu, tingkat kunjungan ke tempat ini mengalami kenaikan yang sangat berarti. "Hingga delapan puluh persen," kata Sulaeman.
Sulaeman memanfaatkan benar suasana pedesaan. Ia menyinkronkan menu masakan tradisional dengan tempat makanan berupa lesehan.
Soal atmosfer desa inilah yang membuat Sofyan (45) dan keluarganya senang berpetualang mencari pengganjal perut di tempat yang "bernada" kampungan ini.
"Di tempat seperti ini, saya tidak usah sibuk memikirkan sopan santun. Tak usah sibuk memilih giliran sendok mana yang harus digunakan," kata Sofyan sambil tertawa.
Yang dimaksud Sofyan, jika menyantap makanan Eropa tentu saja ia harus memikirkan etiket makanan. Table manner mengharuskan orang menggunakan sendok yang tepat untuk menyantap sup, makanan utama atau makanan penutup.
Senada dengan Sofyan, ada Cyndy (42, sebut saja begitu), yang sangat menyukai makan di tepat yang ada lesehan ala kampung. "Saya selalu mencari tempat makan yang ada lesehannya. Di sini saya bisa selonjoran, bersila atau menumpangkan tangan di kaki, makan seperti abang becak. Ha..ha..ha," kata penduduk Jakarta yang sedang berakhir pekan di Bandung, Sabtu lalu.
Tren kembalinya selera masyarakat ke makanan lokal diakui pula oleh Avianti Sukarmadijaya (27) pemilik Def Resto, sebuah restoran yang menyajikan makanan khas Sunda, di Jalan Cihampelas Bandung.
"Tampaknya orang sudah mulai bosan dengan makanan luar negeri. Ini membuat mereka kembali ke masakan tradisional," ujar Avi yang sudah menyajikan makanan lokal seperti nasi liwet, nasi tutug oncom hingga nasi liwet sejak tahun 2003.
Sebelum tahun itu, masih sulit orang mendapatkan nasi tutug oncom atau nasi liwet di rumah makan. Kini rumah makan dengan penawaran jenis masakan itu bertaburan bak cendawan di musim hujan.
Bukan saja makanan khas Sunda. Di daerah Parahyangan ini pun makanan asal seberang pulau berani tampil. Makin banyak restoran yang mengkhususkan diri menyajikan makanan khas seberang, dari mulai mi Aceh hingga makanan melayu lainnya.
Bahwa makanan resep nenek ternyata bisa dijual tak lepas dari heboh-heboh antrean makanan tradisional di beberapa tempat. Sebut saja nama "Surabi Imut" di kawasan Jln. Setiabudhi. Walau harus antre dan menunggu, mereka tak keberatan menunggu giliran penjual selesai membakar serabi pesanan mereka.
Orang-orang kreatif di belakang makanan tradisional inilah yang memelopori bangkitnya makanan lokal. Betapa tidak kreatif, serabi yang aslinya hanya dua rasa, oncom dan kinca gula, bisa dimodifikasi mulai dari rasa sosis hingga keju.
Kemasan yang dibuat orang-orang modern inilah salah satu faktor yang menyadarkan orang bahwa jika dikemas dengan baik makanan tradisional bisa punya nilai lebih. (Uci Anwar).
Sumber: Pikiran Rakyat, Jumat, 25 Mei 2007.
Kuliner "Jadul", Sisi Lain Daya Tarik Bandung
Dwi Bayu Radius
"Bandung itu surganya makanan enak dan harganya murah," kata Ketua Perhimpunan Hotel dan Restoran Indonesia Daerah Jawa Barat Ries Hermawan. Tidak hanya wisatawan lokal yang menyukai makanan khas Bandung, turis asing pun menggemarinya. Mereka menyukai masakan Sunda.
Ries mengatakan, makanan di Bandung yang sering dicari wisatawan lokal adalah surabi, batagor, dan goreng oncom. Makanan tersebut bukan hanya terkenal di Bandung atau kota-kota sekitarnya saja, tetapi juga di Indonesia.
Ungkapan semacam itu kerap diutarakan untuk menjelaskan daya tarik kuliner Bandung yang sudah terkenal. Berbagai penganan khas Bandung, seperti Soes Merdeka, Brownies Primarasa, Pisang Keju Kartika Sari, dan Brownies Kukus Amanda adalah oleh-oleh yang rutin dibeli wisatawan.
Meski demikian, Bandung sebenarnya memiliki sisi lain dari daya tarik kulinernya. Jika menginginkan cita rasa lain, wisatawan dapat mencoba sajian dengan nuansa klasik. Rumah makan zaman dulu atau "jadul" bisa dipertimbangkan pelancong yang ingin berlibur di Bandung. Tempat makan semacam itu sudah ada sejak puluhan tahun lalu, bahkan sejak zaman Belanda.
Salah satu tempat pilihan adalah Rasa Bakery and Cafe di Jalan Tamblong yang sudah berdiri sejak tahun 1945. Hidangan yang ditawarkan terutama es krim dan berbagai macam roti, sebagian masih menggunakan resep orisinal dan hingga kini dibuat tanpa bahan pengawet.
Manajer Rasa Bakery and Cafe Andreas Christianto mengatakan, tempat itu awalnya dimiliki pengusaha Belanda. Sebelumnya, Rasa bernama Hazes. Sekitar 40 tahun lalu, Rasa dibeli warga lokal.
Sampai sekarang, Rasa masih banyak didatangi kaum tua untuk sekadar bernostalgia, termasuk di antaranya turis Belanda. Beberapa makanan, antara lain, saucys brood dengan pilihan sapi, ayam, atau keju. Merg pijp adalah kue yang dibungkus campuran terigu dan gula, sedangkan amandel adalah bolu gulung dengan kacang. Ada pula kue tar, seperti black forest dan gateaux d african.
Es krim yang dijual berbentuk cone dan cup dengan rasa vanila, coklat, pisang, dan rum raisin. Es krim rasa rum raisin paling banyak dibeli. Rasa yang dulu tidak begitu luas semakin diperlebar. Namun, bangunan aslinya tetap dipertahankan.
Kalau tak ingin menyantap makanan, sebuah toko kopi tua bisa menjadi pilihan. Namun, jangan membayangkan pengunjung dapat duduk santai sambil meneguk nikmatnya kopi di sana. Pabrik Kopi Aroma, demikian nama tempat itu, hanya menjual kopi tanpa menyuguhkan minuman.
Pabrik Kopi Aroma berada di pertigaan Jalan Banceuy dengan Jalan Pecinan Lama. Buka pukul 08.00-16.00, kadang lebih awal atau lebih lambat. Tempat itu sudah buka sejak tahun 1930-an. Kopi yang dihasilkan pun diolah menggunakan mesin yang dibuat pada masa itu.
Tempat lain yang tak kalah mengandung nilai historis adalah Sumber Hidangan di Jalan Braga. Tempat itu sudah ada sejak tahun 1929. Dulu namanya Het Snoephuis. Berbagai jenis kue, misalnya kaasstengel atau mozaik, dan makanan, seperti nasi goreng, bihun, bakmi, dan bistik, dijual di sana.
Di Jalan Braga juga terdapat Kafe dan Restoran Braga Permai yang dulu bernama Maison Bogerijen. Tempat yang menjual bermacam roti itu dulu merupakan persinggahan delegasi Konferensi Asia Afrika (KAA) tahun 1955. Makanan yang dijual ketika itu tak jauh berbeda dengan saat ini.
Adapun di Jalan Otto Iskandar Dinata, Toko Roti Sidodadi sudah berdiri sejak tahun 1950-an. Resep pembuatannya masih sama dengan yang dijual dulu. Beberapa roti yang dijual adalah gambang, kismis, dan tawar frans. Toko tersebut masih terlihat sederhana.
Sezaman dengan toko roti Sidodadi, Restoran Queen di Jalan Dalem Kaum dibuka pendirinya tahun 1954. Menunya, antara lain, adalah capcay, mi goreng, dan fuyunghai. Restoran itu juga sempat dikunjungi tamu-tamu negara pada saat KAA berlangsung.
Tempat-tempat makan lain yang bisa dipertimbangkan adalah Warung Nasi Ma’ Uneh dan Sawios. Meski tidak dibuka sejak zaman Belanda, usaha yang sudah dijalankan setidaknya sejak tahun 1970-an itu bisa dikatakan relatif lama.
Keunikan lain dari kedua tempat itu, pengunjung harus rela melewati gang kecil yang tidak cukup dilewati mobil. Ma’ Uneh terletak di Jalan Terasana. Mereka yang ingin ke sana harus masuk sebuah jalan kecil di samping Rumah Sakit Melinda, Jalan Pajajaran.
Tempat itu buka pukul 07.00-16.00. Ketua Perhimpunan Hotel dan Restoran Indonesia (PHRI) Kota Bandung Eddy Rachmat mengatakan, semasa dirinya masih kuliah tahun 1970-an warung Ma’ Uneh sebenarnya menjadi tempat menunggu pemilik mobil ketika kendaraannya sedang diperbaiki di bengkel. Kini, usaha Ma’ Uneh semakin besar dengan penyajian lebih bersih dan tempat yang nyaman.
Adapun Warung Nasi Sawios terletak di gang kecil sebelah Bandoengsche Melk Centrale (BMC), Jalan Aceh. Pemiliknya adalah Siti Aminah (47) yang akrab disapa Ibu Hajjah. Ciri khas Sawios yang juga menginspirasi nama warung nasi tersebut adalah selera humor Ibu Hajjah. Setiap kali tamu membayar selalu diawali dengan kata Sunda "sawios" yang berarti ya sudah atau biarlah.
"Sawios Bu, genep las ribeng. Tengkyu. Sawios, permios, pribados, adios, amigos, extra joss, mentos, trimos," kata Siti kepada seorang pelanggannya. Jika diartikan kira-kira, "Sudahlah Bu, Rp 16.000 saja. Terima kasih."
Sementara rentetan kata-kata selanjutnya hanya ditambahkan untuk membuat konsumen tersenyum. Kekhasan lain, Siti menggunakan istilah yang lucu, misalnya london untuk sayur lodeh, sogun untuk soun, dan parabola untuk jengkol.
Istilah lain adalah susu maya untuk usus ayam, jerman untuk jeruk manis, kopasus untuk kopi susu panas, imas ge-er untuk ikan mas goreng, dan teroris untuk telor dadar. Siti mengatakan, hidangan yang menjadi andalan adalah semur jengkol.
Lauk lain yang banyak disukai adalah goreng kentang kering dan ayam goreng. Siti berjualan sejak tahun 1971. Warung nasi Sawios buka pukul 08.00-17.00. Agar tak kecewa, perlu diperhatikan bahwa warung itu tutup setiap hari Minggu dan hari libur nasional.
Sumber: Kompas, Sabtu, 30 Juni 2007.
Hiking Around the Crater
Menguak Sejarah Alam Bandung Purba
Legendary Tangkuban Perahu
Located in Lembang, this place is only within 30 minutes drive from Bandung (when the traffic is light). Tangkuban Prahu is actually a volcanic mountain. The shape resembles an upturned boat, hence, the name. (Tangkuban Prahu in Sundanese means, more or less, upturned boat) There is a legend involved in the creation of this mountain.
Read more...East Bandung Hideaway
>> Wednesday, November 14, 2007
In the east of Bandung lie several cities which have magnificent thinks to explore. First destination is Cipacing, it’s a village that is famous for wayang golek (wooden puppet) production. Passing Cipacing around 45 minutes driving, you’ll arrive at Cangkuang Temple. A village that has the only one Hindu temple that remains. Pass Cangkuang you’ll arrive in Cipanas, Garut, natural hot water area, where you can relax and loosen up your muscles. The natural hot water in Cipanas is different with the one in Lembang. It’s built from natural gas and it does not contain sulfur. The last destination is Garut. It’s a city that is famous for its leather products. Walk around the city and explore the amazing and nice hideaway places. Last but not least the perfect hideaway is Kampong Sampireun. A resort that offers a quiet, unique and natural beauty.
The Sight:
• Cipacing
• Cangkuang
• Cipanas
• Garut
Information:
• Distance 61 km
• Time 4-5 km
• Monday - Sunday
Sejarah Pariwisata Indonesia
>> Monday, November 5, 2007
Telaah pustaka sejarah pariwisata mengungkapkan perniagaan sebagai awal adanya pariwisata. Ada juga yang berpendapat bahwa penemuan roda adalah awal dari kegiatan pariwisata. Catatan lain menunjukkan, perjalanan ibadah menjadi salah satu penyebab lahirnya pariwisata.
Penemuan mesin uap, telah membawa manusia menuju pariwisata massal modern. Hal ini mendorong munculnya masyarakat kota industrial dan modern, semakin banyaknya orang yang meningkat kesejahteraanya dan meluangkan diri untuk kegiatan pariwisata. MORE
Pesona Tangkuban Perahu
>> Thursday, November 1, 2007
Gunung berapi aktif tersebut sekarang memang masih "tidur". Namun, dalam waktu lebih dari seabad gunung tersebut beberapa kali meletus. Akibatnya, di kawasan puncak terdapat sembilan kawah yang rata-rata masih aktif mengeluarkan asap belerang.
Kawah terbesar yang berada di puncaknya adalah Kawah Ratu. Panorama alam di sekitar kawah ini sangat mengagumkan sehingga menarik minat orang untuk menikmatinya. Jadilah Gunung Tangkuban Perahu dengan keindahan alamnya sebagai tujuan wisata banyak orang.
Pesona Tangkuban Perahu yang mampu menarik wisatawan ribuan orang juga menarik minat ribuan warga untuk mengais rezeki di kawasan itu. Kini, tempat wisata andalan di tanah Sunda tersebut selalu ramai dipadati wisatawan dan mereka yang mencari sumber kehidupan di sana.
KOMPAS/IWAN SETIYAWAN
Kenangan - Panorama kawah yang indah menarik minat pengunjung untuk menjadikannya latar belakang saat berfoto sebagai kenang-kenangan.
KOMPAS/IWAN SETIYAWAN
Pasar Cenderamata - Puluhan kios yang menjual berbagai macam cenderamata berdiri di area sekitar kawah. Sebagai daerah tujuan wisata, kawasan ini mampu memberikan penghidupan bagi ratusan hingga ribuan warga setempat.
KOMPAS/IWAN SETIYAWAN
Angklung - Alat musik tradisional ini dapat dibeli sebagai oleh-oleh khas dari tanah Sunda.
KOMPAS/IWAN SETIYAWAN
Batas - Dinding kawah yang kering dan gersang bertolak belakang dengan punggungan salah satu puncak yang hijau penuh tumbuhan.
Dari Batu - Seorang pedagang tengah menanti pembeli dagangan aksesorinya yang terbuat dari batu alam.
Dari Kawah hingga Air Panas
Gunung berapi ini memang sekarang masih "tidur". Tetapi, dalam kurun waktu 1,5 abad tercatat telah beberapa kali meletus. Tak heran bila kita berada di atasnya menemukan ada sembilan kawah. Beberapa kawah memunculkan bau asap belerang, bahkan ada
Ciater "Surga" di Punggung Tangkuban Perahu
Rekreasi Air Panas Alam Sari Ater atau lebih banyak dikenal dengan Ciater adalah salah satu lokasi wisata air panas yang menyediakan hampir semua kebutuhan wisata. Sari Ater benar-benar menawarkan "surga" bagi
Kembalilah ke Indonesia!
OleH: Denny Sutoyo- Gerberding
Seruan yang bernada imbauan di atas sama sekali bukan pesan iklan, melainkan judul artikel utama harian Aftenposten, koran tiras pertama Norwegia, Jumat, 12 Januari 2007.
Tulisan itu dilengkapi dengan foto Trio Batakos, penyanyi lagu-lagu Batak yang khusus didatangkan untuk tampil di stan Indonesia, dalam bursa wisata Norwegia, Reiseliv 2007.
Kegiatan berlangsung di balai pameran dagang Norwegia (Norges Varemesse) di Lillestrom yang luasnya 25.000 meter persegi. Pameran diikuti 170 negara dengan 1.000 peserta dan berlangsung selama empat hari, antara 11 Januari dan 14 Januari.
Meskipun penduduk Norwegia hanya sekitar 5 juta, tetapi
Definition of Tourism Technology
>> Sunday, June 10, 2007
The convergence of industries has forced people to create terminology such as information technology, biotechnology, ubiquitous technology and even cultural technology to explain frequently talked about topics. Tourism Technology is a term that encompasses all social, cultural, managerial, and value-adding activities of the tourism industry. Tourism Technology also incorporates and encourages technological advancements and economic development in the tourism industry.
"Tourism Technology", initially based on the concept of cultural technology, is a more comprehensive term covering knowledge used to add to the value of tourism products on a micro level and the management of the travel and tourism industry on a macro level. New tourism products are also the end result of tourism technology combining with other industries. These include medical tourism, educational tourism, agricultural tourism, marine tourism, and the application of information technology to the travel and tourism industry.
The term "technology" can easily call to mind scientific achievements, computer graphic skills, special effects and other engineering-related images. However, "Tourism Technology" encompasses the integrated fields mentioned in the previous paragraph, statistics, managerial and socio-cultural know-how, and skills that the tourism industry can adopt to design, produce, and market various tourism products. In addition to coordinating various aspects of human resources in the travel and tourism industry, “Tourism Technology” describes a comprehensive field containing but not limited to such widely referred to subjects as entertainment technology, contents technology and creative technology. Examples of how tourism technology can be applied are as follows.
•Development of tourism products that tell a story
•Convergence with other industries such as medical and film industries
•Application of advanced information technology to provide tourist information via navigation systems or PDAs.
Technology in Tourism
New Zealand travel operators seem to have a love affair with printed promotional material. And with good reason: it's a good way to tout your offerings to the two million travellers coming through the gates each year. But as more travellers research and make bookings online, and as laptops, mobile phones and personal digital assistants make their way into backpacks and carry-on luggage, is it time to look at more modern, technologically advanced marketing tools? Have the old stand-bys seen their day?
Yes. And no.
"New technologies tend to add ways to reach customers rather than necessarily replace old ones," says Tim Deane, Tourism New Zealand's General Manager, Marketing. But he points out that compared to fi ve years ago, a smaller percentage of his annual marketing spend is on paper brochures. On a limited budget he says it's better for Tourism New Zealand to invest more in the website and limit published brochures to just one of high quality. "High speed connections give many potential visitors the ability to "experience" destinations before they visit. These experiences might come through interactive maps, itinerary planners or video and audio presentations."
Research conducted by Tourism New Zealand showed that tourists want more information. The research also revealed that the more planning a visitor did before arriving, the more they enjoyed their trip.
"Maps, word of mouth, guide books and the internet topped the list of tools used by our target market" says Catherine Bates Tourism New Zealand's Manager Marketing Communications. "But when travellers were asked 'what do they want online?' the answer was maps, planning tools and ways to collect their ideas and send the gathered information to others, including travel agents and airlines."
In July, Tourism New Zealand launched an interactive travel planning feature on www.newzealand.com. The planner allows visitors to organise material, put together an itinerary, plot it on the map and export it to friends and agents. Part of the attraction of the internet is that you don't have to be a large organisation to enjoy its benefi ts. It is the first medium that has made it possible for even the smallest operators to reach the masses in a professional way.
But, as Dzin Wilson, Marketing Manager at Shotover Jet says, putting a website out in cyberspace doesn't mean it's going to do a job for you. "You can't just hope someone will click onto it. You need to be constantly thinking about how you can improve it to keep up with the times and your clients."
There is a huge range of technology now available to tourists.
Next generation websites might mean something quite significant like virtual tours or interactive television ads.Several years ago Tourism New Zealand experimented with an interactive television ad in the UK but Tim Deane says they found the technology worked better on the internet. The 90-second clip on the Tourism New Zealand website now allows a visitor to start and stop the video and click to learn more about an area or activity. Click again and go to the main website with operator information and booking options.
Another tool - video streaming - is one TUANZ's Ernie Newman is keeping an eye on. He sees enormous potential for guests to use operator's websites to share experiences with friends overseas. Hook up a video camera, broadcast jumps or jet boat rides and encourage clients to text message their mates back home to tune in and watch them - in real time.
A Matter of Trust
Not everyone is going to invite their workmates to witness their bungy jump, but they're still going to talk about it when they get home. Word of mouth has been described as the single most powerful marketing tool and the internet has given everyone a very large mouth. On Yahoo's travel section alone there are over 250,000 user recommendations.
And then there are blogs - or web logs. These online diaries allow travellers to share their experiences with the world.
"There are plenty of sites that facilitate creating travel journals," says Shift's Che Tamahori, who envisages on-line diaries growing and developing as systems get more depth. One thing that impresses him is photo blogging. Instead of words, travellers post their photos on a site like www.flickr.com and let the world see their holiday.
Other than making sure you provide a great experience for "bloggers" to write about, how can operators or RTOs actively use blogs in marketing campaigns? One way is to follow the lead of the Pennsylvania Tourism Offi ce in the United States. Earlier this year, it offered six "bloggers" space on its VisitPA.com website to report on their travels around Pennsylvania. The bloggers cover the demographics: a family looking for adventure, a single 'history-buff', two women in search of culture, a motorcycle rider, a mountain biker and a young couple looking for the 'hip' side of the state. Sure the blogs might need a bit of editing to suit a government-funded site, but the disclaimer is clear: content is the opinion of bloggers, not the Tourism Office. It may be out of reach for a small operator to manage such a campaign, but how about using your visitor's blogs like you do written testimonials? Ask customers if they're keeping a blog and direct potential visitors to their site.
If you don't feel comfortable with that but still want to use virtual word of mouth, electronic postcards on your site can be shared with friends back home - give them a voucher for sending fi ve. It's an easy way for travellers to stay in touch and an easy way to reach potential visitors. Tourism New Zealand has that option, so does Contiki Holidays. Contiki also has a message board where travellers can 'meet' before a trip and/or share experiences afterwards.
Regardless of how hi-tech your marketing tools, the goal should remain to provide the visitor with a quality experience - word of mouth will happen, so give them only the best to talk about. That's the mission at Whale Watch.
"Our backbone philosophy isn't about technology or print advertising," says Executive Assistant, Thomas Kahu. "It's focused on the experience, so visitors become ambassadors." But some of the tools that Whale Watch has for those 'ambassadors' are pretty high tech. "It's a powerful experience," says Thomas Kahu, "So we use powerful memorabilia."
Like DVDs - that use animation and multimedia to help the viewer feel they are experiencing the real thing. People ask for a copy of the boat trip. They want to become a story teller themselves and share the experience with friends and family."
Future web-based applications are aimed to let clients 're-experience' their visit. Passwords will allow visitors - who are back home in the offi ce - to fi nd out where the whales they spotted are swimming.
Phone Home
Brothers Geoffrey and Derek Handley founded The Hyperfactory, an Auckland and Hong Kong-based company that specialises in mobile communications. They foresee a lot of activity in the tourist sector and believe mobile phones and PDA's (personal digital assistants) will be key tools to reach tourists.
A campaign currently running in Hong Kong sees a tourist receive a picture or a video of their experience in Hong Kong on their mobile phone. They then send the image (that happens to have a watermark of the operator's website) to friends back home. When the traveller sends five of these 'post cards' they go into a draw to win a prize. There are other potential applications.
Hypothetically, says Handley, a tourist could send a text message to a mate and receive a voucher for a rafting trip or a plane ride. Send another message and receive an accommodation discount.
Where am I?
Global positioning systems (GPS) use satellites to pinpoint location. As a marketing tool its simplest use is to include your GPS coordinates with your address. Sure it's a bit of an assumption that guests will be travelling with a GPS, but consider this: cars are coming off the assembly line with GPS installed, at least one rental company (Avis) has units available for hire and New Zealand's own NAVMAN has sold around 70,000 hand held and in-car GPS systems since launching them on the market just last year. GPS is becoming common, with several thousand NAVMAN in operation on our roads right now.
KRUSE uses GPS to provide a commentary for car users.
Auckland-based Jonathan Kruse has developed a talking tour guide based on GPS. Kruse's systems are available for hire: plug it into the cigarette lighter and drive around New Zealand listening to recorded narrations.
Kruse says the system is a perfect way to market to a tourist at just the right location. Next year he plans to enhance the systems and offer limited advertising space. (See page 12)
Disconnected
Lawrence Smith, founder of Cabbage Tree Creative, a web development company for the tourism industry, sees a bit of a 'disconnect' in New Zealand tourism. "A campaign currently running in Hong Kong sees a tourist receive a picture or a video of their experience or adventure on their mobile phone. They then send the image (that happens to have a watermark of the operator's website) to friends back home."
"Travel consumers in general are very IT savvy. But," he says, "tourism operators are generally far less IT aware. As a result, you have a market that is genuinely interested in technology and actively use it to plan and book vacations - but the industry is less capable of delivering it."
So, don't go burning the stacks of brochures that are cluttering up the store room just yet. But next time you're at the electronics store, you might want to pick a few brochures up on how to use new technology.
Source: Tourism News
Tourism Development in Indonesia
Since its independence, the government of Indonesia has exploited the natural resources of country to fuel “development”. Minerals and oil are heavily extracted; forest have been cleared and cut down. The development—which emphasizes very much on economic growth—has neglected almost all aspects other than economic growth. Until the late 1980s, the focus of the development had been on import substitution, and after that on developing export oriented industries. Hence, development in Indonesia means nothing more than industrialization. Moreover, industrialization in Indonesia has been focused on manufacturing.
As stated in its long-term plan of development, Indonesia started its development by boosting the agriculture to be self-sufficient in food, and at the same time, establishing the foundations for industrialization. After completing the phase of developing its secondary (manufacturing) industry, the country moved forward to tertiary (service) industry. Relying on this concept on the early 1990s, Indonesia promoted the development of service industries. The most prominent sector in this industry is tourism.
Tourism has played an important role in some provinces in Indonesia. The province of Bali, for example, enjoyed revenues from tourism even before the Government of Indonesia gave its attention to this sector. In order to promote the tourism industry, the president established a Ministry of Tourism, Post and Telecommunication in 1988, and set a “Visit Indonesia Year 1990” program.
National policy on development of tourism is based on a long-term plan of development. During the last 32 years, a centralized development policy, including the tourism, was adopted. As a result, many provinces of Indonesia were not optimally and equally developed. The growth of tourism had been lower than that of neighboring countries in ASEAN, a surprising fact when taking into account the richness of Indonesia‘s “tourist attractions”.
Recent development shows increasing efforts by the central government to work together with the local government to identify, develop and promote potential tourist destinations other than Bali. Along with the increasing awareness of nature protections, which will attract special tourists to visit Indonesia, the government has also introduced regulations on environment which are related to the sector of tourism, such as: 1. The Decree of the Minister of the Environment, No. Kep-32A/MENLH/7/1995 regarding Proper Clean River Program (Prokasih);2. The Decree of the Minister of the Environment, No: Kep-52/MENLH/10/1995 on Standard Quality of Liquid Wastes for Hotel Operations; 3. The Decree of the Head of Environment Control Institution (BAPEDAL), No: Kep-32/BAPEDAL/05/1997 regarding Clean River Program, to require hotels to install liquid waste management unit;4. MOU between the Ministry of the Environment and Indonesian Association of Hotels and Restaurants, No: 02/MENLH/12/1995 concerning the Training and Monitoring of Environmental-friendly Hotels and Restaurants 5. Programs on Evaluating the Achievements of Business Entities in implementation of Clean River Program.
Implementations of those regulations include the effort to apply environmentally friendly standards for the operations of hotels in Indonesia. The government has planned to include hotels in point 5 above, which include the evaluation of environmental management with the use of rating through colored labels starting in 1998, as follows:
One effort of the government to prevent pollution is by providing incentives through the Program of Soft Loan for Environment from Overseas Economic Corporation Funds on Pollution Abatement Equipment. This program is designed to encourage the installation of pollution management units in some businesses of which the operations are potentially damaging the environment. The soft loan with a period of 3 to 20 years is expected to answer the problems of high cost of investments in waste processing units faced by domestic investors.
After several years, private tourism sectors as well as the government, realized that the development of tourism in this country is not only beneficial but has also its negative impact, such as: environmental degradation, economic gap between those related to the tourism business and those who are not, cultural degradation, etc. Massive development of high rise hotels, roads and infrastructures, along with changing use of the land, etc. for the purpose of tourism, have resulted the serious degradation of the environment. Some of these impacts will be described in the case studies.
As tourism developed, profit-seeking investors have come. Their fresh capital enabled them to own most of the resources, and eventually expel the local community from their own land. This left them with choices of either stay as farmers in less-fertile and smaller size of lands, or taking other jobs such as small merchants, providing services to the tourism activities, etc
As will be described in the case of Bali, the pressures of capital have affected not only Bali’s economy, but also its culture. Under the pressure of Indonesian NGOs, informal leaders, religious leaders and other concerned people, the government of Indonesia has started to change its policies on tourism. The government has put its best efforts in promoting people-centered tourism and ecologically friendly tourism.
Unlike the previous ones, the new policies provide more opportunities for the local people to participate in the tourism development. Under the "tourism build prosperity and peace" theme, the Government of Indonesia empowers small and medium scale entrepreneurs and cooperatives in tourism sector, encourages private--especially the small and medium ones, deregulates licensing process for eliminating high-cost economy, and implements community based tourism.
Environmentally friendly tourism, or eco-tourism, has been adopted in in the last five years. It, as a mater of fact, has not been a mainstream in the tourism development. Only some areas--consist of national parks, rivers, and forests--are designated to be used for eco-tourism. In developing eco-tourism. It is understood that eco-tourism should make requirements of nature and environmental protection the basis for touristic activities. Thus, it ensures its ecological sustainability.
TOURISM IN BALI ISLAND
Compared to the total area of Indonesia, Bali represents only 0.29%. Based on 1997’s data, the total population of Bali is about 3.3 million, with a population density of almost 585 person/sq.km. However, Bali ranks as the first in terms of popularity among tourist-destination areas in Indonesia. Tourism in Bali had started since 1926 with the exploitation of the unique Balinese cultural and natural beauty by the Dutch colonial government. The government of Indonesia started in 1960 with the building of the Bali Beach Hotel in Sanur and the Ngurah Rai international airport.
Bali is internationally known for its dances, temples, and beaches, which have long been recognized as main tourist attractions. In 1996 BaIi attracted a total number of around 3 million tourists, or about 30% of the total number of foreign tourists coming to Indonesia. The trend shows an escalating number over several years. The increase is supported by the infrastructures and facilities.: more than 25,000 hotel rooms of various qualities, international airport which can accommodate large airplanes, ports and more than about 500 thousands Balinese involved in tourism activities.
Despite the deterioration of Indonesian politics and economy, Bali is still perceived as a very safe and nice place to visit. Bali enjoys the ever increasing number of visitors whom each stays the average of 9 days, with an average spending of about USD 80 per day. Bali is indeed the only tourist destination in Indonesia that is still recommended by the government of Japan, USA, Australia and other European countries. Other areas in Indonesia still suffer significant drop due to the recession and partly to travel bans set by foreign countries. On the contrary, Balinese merchants, brokers, etc. have gained profit from the condition. Tourism industry in Bali still enables Balinese to sustain their consumptive lifestyle.
The development of tourism industry has played an important role in Bali’s economy due to its limited natural resources. An important indicator of the growth in revenue is the income per capita which has been increasing since 1994 of Rp. 2,22 million, Rp. 2,56 million (1995), and Rp. 2,95 million (1996), with several tourist destination areas as the highest per capita income.
An indirect impact from the growth is the relatively high population growth rate in these areas compared to other areas. The urbanization as well as migrant workers from other provinces have caused high growth rate of population which affect natural environment, social, economic and cultural life of the Balinese.
The tourism development plan of Bali is based on two regulations i.e.
The strategies on the above are based on the Balinese philosophy of Tri Hita Karana that includes:
1. Social and Cultural Aside from its benefits, the growth of tourism in Bali has some negative impacts, particularly in the social and the cultural dimensions. The Balinese culture has changed due to commercial influences, people alienation from their own land, market orientation of artworks. Among them are: Tourism has created income opportunities. Unfortunately, young generations have failed to exercise religious and/or ethical values to generate income; Cases of young people involved in various types of prostitution are common in several popular tourist destination areas. There are street souvenir vendors who sell their merchandise in such ways that annoy the customers, while some others put very high price on the low quality merchandise. These will create the negative image of Bali as a safe and enjoyable tourist destination. Expecting more money, some local people who do not have necessary skills take shortcuts to wealth which, in most cases, are not morally acceptable. There are also cases where the local community has been alienated from their own village. The flow of investments on hotels along the beach has driven local community out of their lands and even beaches. Beaches are essential to the Balinese, for their religious believe to the Sang Hyang Widi Wasa. Land, sea, and mountain are perceived as one unity. As some beaches are converted into private areas, Balinese are alienated from their own values and can no longer perform their rituals.
Other main tourist attractions are dances, paintings and sculptures. These art forms have generated a lot of income from the rise of tourist visit to Bali. However, the products of these art forms have been adjusted according to the taste of the market. This resulted in popular market products rather than high quality of art itself. Sculptures, dances, and other art products are originally--for Balinese--for ritual and religious purposes. However, thanks to the market pressure, they are turned into commercial commodities.
Tourism industry is expected to contribute a major portion of GDP in foreign exchange, which is very much needed at this moment, and to provide 2.6 million, 2.8 million, and 3.4 million employment opportunities in 1996, 1997, and 1998 respectively. The figures above have shown the important role of tourism in Bali’s economy. Most of Balinese are economically depend on the tourism directly or indirectly. During the political riots in several major cities of Indonesia, considered as the safest place to stay, hotels in Bali were fully booked. The government of Bali also benefited from this situation, specifically from income tax and local retributions.Tourism industry has played an important factor to boost exports. Foreign tourists spend their foreign exchange directly by buying products of the visited country. About 14% of the total value of Indonesian export are generated from tourism. The transactions are directly between tourists and merchants. Another important impact of the tourism in Bali is that it generates a multiplying effect. The growth of tourism will enable other sectors such as construction and manufacturing to grow as well. In 1997, there were 61 new investments in tourist destination developments in Bali alone.
3. Environment PerspectiveThe increasing activities in tourism have resulted in some negative impacts on the environment, e.g.:
1. Existing Conditions of Tourism Sector The Island of Lombok is located next to Bali. Lombok is currently considered as a very potential tourist destination area after Bali. It is part of the province of West Nusa Tenggara Barat. With a total population of 2.6 millions for the whole province, of which about 6 % is employed in tourism sectors, tourism activities has contributed an amount about US$ 106 millions, or about 25% of the local GDP. In 1997 a total number of about 200 thousands tourists originating from America, Europe, Asean, and Asia Pacific visited Lombok. As also in Bali, tourism activities in Lombok Island have created opportunities to generate income. Aside from hotels and restaurants, there are several art or souvenir shops introducing specific art products from West Nusa Tenggara which is quite different from that of the Balinese: hand-woven Ikat, clay works, pandan weavings, primitive wood sculptures, etc. With its unspoiled land and diversity of religious and cultural values, West Nusa Tenggara offers a unique natural as well as cultural attraction.
Efforts, which have been done by the government, include facilitating training to improve the quality of local handicrafts in order to enable them to compete and to reach a much larger market share. The consideration of empowering the surrounding community is particularly important, because of the current gap between quality of local human resources compared to those from other parts of Indonesia. If left unanswered, this will lead to economic, and thus, social gap between the local community and migrants. However, negative impact of the development of tourism is not hard to see. More and more people have moved, either voluntarily or not, for the reason of developing tourist resorts such as the case of Ms.Inaq Ameneh of Gili Trawangan[1].
2. Economic Perspective
The natural resources of Lombok island has attracted a lot of investors--domestic as well as foreign ones--in establishing tourism related industries: hotels, resorts, travel agents, restaurants, etc. Based on data collected, there are domestic investments amounting to Rp. 362 billion and foreign investments amounting to USD 2.57 million in hotels, restaurants, etc. It is also expected that these investments could lead to other activities beneficial to the local community surrounding them. The multiplying effect of the growing tourism sector has been expected to happen in Lombok.3. Environment Perspective The local government of West Nusa Tenggara has taken some preventive measures based on the negative experience of Bali, such as the degradation of quality and quantity of natural resources, as well as the impacts on the local community. However, with a current economic condition of the area (i.e. population of almost 4 million, income per capita of Rp. 1.8 million--less than 55% of its neighboring Bali--and limited amount of local revenue of the government), it seems that the government of West Nusa Tenggara is facing a difficult choice between maintaining the quality of the land and a fast way to increase economic conditions of the region. Stringent regulations on investments will create the impression of West Nusa Tenggara as an unattractive investment area, especially in a worsening condition of Indonesia in foreign investor’s view.One example is the opening of a gold mine in Sumbawa. A foreign joint venture called Newmont has recently established its open mining area there. With an increase of expatriates in the project, it is expected to boost local economic activities (including tourism) as well as employment opportunities for the local community. The available jobs for local community is mostly for the unskilled ones, although in quite a big number. The open mining system, however, is considered as degrading the quality of land.
In Indonesia, ecotourism has not been a mainstream. Although, some efforts in promoting it are flourishing. The efforts, considering the current Indonesian situation is harder now. The country suffers bad publication due to the prevalences of riots, loots and ethnic conflicts.
According to Hermawan Kertajaya, the President of Asia Pacific Marketing Federation, Cohort 1- Indonesia: as a product in tourism business, Indonesia needs repositioning to promote its positive brand equity and good image. The positioning of Indonesia has to be directed to the objectives to achieve ‘New Era’ of Indonesia which is the process of transformation from corruption, collusion, and nepotism to the era of clean, transparent, and professionalism. This issue should be born in tourism actor’s mind and activities. This is a priority beside the needs to develop of many tourism facilities and infrastructures. In parallel with the effort to reposition Indonesia’s image, it also needs to pay more attention to all potential risks which may arise, and will cause negative impacts on the important elements such as social, economy, and environment. The development of tourism should also be directed to achieve sustainable tourism.
In social perspectives, the need is to minimize the negative influences of tourism activities in social life of local people who live near or at the tourism area in order to preserve culture and tradition for the future. In economy, more attention should be paid to the need, ability, skills and characters of local people, so that they can be actively involved and can get the benefit from the tourism. The development should increase their quality of life, and not otherwise.
Tourism in Indonesia is the activity of selling the beauty of nature and the unique culture of Indonesia. To achieve the sustainable tourism, Indonesia needs to protect the environment from tourism activities. This must be in our behavior – both of Indonesians and tourists.
As Indonesia currently faces an urgent need of foreign exchange, while local products have not reached competitive advantage, tourism is playing an important role. Tourism is very much depend on infrastructures as well as safety of the destination. Unstable economic and political condition that Indonesia is experiencing is not a favourable condition for Indonesia to compete over tourists visiting the region. Unless a lot of money are allocated to promote Indonesia, it is very difficult for Indonesia to regain its popularity. Ambitious plans and projections would be very unrealistic with a very limited amount of funds available.
At time of very low foreign tourists such as this, it is important for Indonesia – the government and private sectors in tourism – to evaluate all negative damages of tourism in the past and develop measures and activities to increase the quality of all aspects of things to offer to support tourism. These include the services as well as the products to be sold of which natural beauty plays a very important role.
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